The latest 2.2 release of MySQL Enterprise Monitor (MEM) has the ability to authenticate against LDAP. I decided to test this setup and for that, I had to create and populate an OpenLDAP server, including STARTTLS/SSL certificates. This guide was done on CentOS 5.5 but it shouldn’t be much different in other Linux/Unix distributions. First, start off by installing the packages with:
root@shell> yum install openldap openldap-clients openldap-servers
Then head to /etc/openldap where you can set you domain and the DN for the LDAP manager user. I’ve inserted some useful comments into the slapd.conf file. Lines without comments have not been changed from the default slapd.conf file.
shell> grep -v "^#" /etc/openldap/slapd.conf | grep -v "^$" include /etc/openldap/schema/core.schema include /etc/openldap/schema/cosine.schema include /etc/openldap/schema/inetorgperson.schema include /etc/openldap/schema/nis.schema allow bind_v2 pidfile /var/run/openldap/slapd.pid argsfile /var/run/openldap/slapd.args
#The lines below are for SSL and STARTTLS. #I'll show you how to generate certs later on TLSCipherSuite HIGH:MEDIUM:-SSLv2 TLSCACertificateFile /etc/openldap/ssl/ca-cert.pem TLSCertificateFile /etc/openldap/ssl/server-cert.pem TLSCertificateKeyFile /etc/openldap/ssl/server-key.pem #This allows ldapsearch command to connect without a client cert TLSVerifyClient never
database bdb
# this is your domain. I used example.com for my tests.
suffix "dc=example,dc=com"
# this is the "username" of the LDAP admin for this domain
rootdn "cn=Manager,dc=example,dc=com"
# this is the encripted password. To generate a SSHA password use slappasswd.
rootpw {SSHA}8diJsdIYFRr/wt7vqk3SGj6b/ZZZ21eno
directory /var/lib/ldap index objectClass eq,pres index ou,cn,mail,surname,givenname eq,pres,sub index uidNumber,gidNumber,loginShell eq,pres index uid,memberUid eq,pres,sub index nisMapName,nisMapEntry eq,pres,sub
If for some reason, you need to compile your own version of OpenLDAP, see this guide:
http://www.openldap.org/doc/admin24/quickstart.html
The next step is to generate our certificates. First we generate the Certificate Authority and the LDAP Server certificates. One important thing is to set the CN attribute to your server’s hostname in both certificates. You can run the hostname command in the shell to find that out. This is the same hostname you will be using in the MEM setup or to test with the ldapsearch command line utility.
# Create CA and Server Certs shell> openssl genrsa 2048 > ca-key.pem shell> openssl req -new -x509 -nodes -days 1000 -key ca-key.pem > ca-cert.pem shell> openssl req -newkey rsa:2048 -days 1000 -nodes -keyout server-key.pem > server-req.pem shell> openssl x509 -req -in server-req.pem -days 1000 -CA ca-cert.pem -CAkey ca-key.pem -set_serial 01 > server-cert.pem
These files should be located under /etc/openldap/ssl and the server key needs to be chmoded:
shell> chmod 600 /etc/openldap/server-key.pem
Then we create the certificate for our client utilities, and let openldap know about it:
# Create client certificate shell> openssl req -newkey rsa:2048 -days 1000 -nodes -keyout client-key.pem > client-req.pem shell> openssl x509 -req -in client-req.pem -days 1000 -CA ca-cert.pem -CAkey ca-key.pem -set_serial 01 > client-cert.pem
shell> cat /etc/openldap/ldap.conf # # LDAP Defaults #
# See ldap.conf(5) for details # This file should be world readable but not world writable.
#BASE dc=example, dc=com #URI ldap://ldap.example.com ldap://ldap-master.example.com:666
#SIZELIMIT 12 #TIMELIMIT 15 #DEREF never #TLS_CACERTDIR /etc/openldap/cacerts TLS_CACERT /etc/openldap/ssl/ca-cert.pem
Here are how the permissions on these files look like for me:
shell> ls -la /etc/openldap/ssl/ total 40K drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4.0K Jun 23 13:53 . drwxr-xr-x 5 root root 4.0K Jun 25 20:59 .. -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1.5K Jun 23 13:51 ca-cert.pem -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1.7K Jun 23 13:51 ca-key.pem -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1.2K Jun 23 13:53 client-cert.pem -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1.7K Jun 23 13:53 client-key.pem -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1.1K Jun 23 13:53 client-req.pem -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1.2K Jun 23 13:52 server-cert.pem -rw------- 1 ldap root 1.7K Jun 23 13:52 server-key.pem -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1.1K Jun 23 13:52 server-req.pem
Next enable SSL for OpenLDAP and start up the server:
shell> grep -v "^#" /etc/sysconfig/ldap | grep -v "^$" ULIMIT_SETTINGS= STOP_DELAY=3s SLAPD_LDAP=yes SLAPD_LDAPS=yes SLAPD_LDAPI=no
shell> /etc/init.d/ldap start Checking configuration files for slapd: bdb_db_open: Warning - No DB_CONFIG file found in directory /var/lib/ldap: (2) Expect poor performance for suffix dc=example,dc=com. config file testing succeeded [ OK ] Starting slapd: [ OK ]
shell> ps aux | grep slapd ldap 25224 0.0 2.3 392036 191288 ? Ssl 21:01 0:00 /usr/sbin/slapd -h ldap:/// ldaps:/// -u ldap
Don’t worry about the warning. Let’s try and query the LDAP directory now:
shell> ldapsearch -x -h localhost -b 'dc=example,dc=com' # extended LDIF # # LDAPv3 # base with scope subtree # filter: (objectclass=*) # requesting: ALL #
# search result search: 2 result: 32 No such object
# numResponses: 1
As we can see, there are no entries yet. So let’s populate the directory with this LDIF file. You will be prompted for your password. It’s the one used to setup /etc/openldap/slapd.conf.
shell> ldapadd -x -D "cn=Manager,dc=example,dc=com" -W -f mem-ldap.ldif.txt Enter LDAP Password: adding new entry "dc=example,dc=com"
adding new entry "ou=People,dc=example,dc=com"
adding new entry "uid=user1,ou=People,dc=example,dc=com"
adding new entry "uid=user2,ou=People,dc=example,dc=com"
adding new entry "ou=groups,dc=example,dc=com"
adding new entry "cn=admin,ou=groups,dc=example,dc=com"
adding new entry "cn=dba,ou=groups,dc=example,dc=com"
And now we can see the results with:
shell> ldapsearch -x -H ldap:///localhost -b 'dc=example,dc=com' # extended LDIF # # LDAPv3 # base <dc=example,dc=com> with scope subtree # filter: (objectclass=*) # requesting: ALL #
# example.com dn: dc=example,dc=com objectClass: domain objectClass: top dc: example
# People, example.com dn: ou=People,dc=example,dc=com objectClass: organizationalUnit objectClass: top ou: People
# user1, People, example.com dn: uid=user1,ou=People,dc=example,dc=com objectClass: person objectClass: inetOrgPerson objectClass: organizationalPerson objectClass: top cn: Aaren Atp sn: Atp description: This is the description for Aaren Atp. employeeNumber: 1 givenName: Aaren homePhone: +1 280 375 4325 initials: ALA l: New Haven mail: user.1@maildomain.net mobile: +1 680 734 6300 ou: admin pager: +1 850 883 8888 postalAddress: Aaren Atp$70110 Fourth Street$New Haven, OH 93694 postalCode: 936942 st: OH street: 70110 Fourth Street telephoneNumber: +1 390 103 6917 uid: user1 userPassword:: e1NTSEF9Z0tsZjU4cm50Wit4b045N0U4cWlldVJQK1RMOVAzTGw=
# user2, People, example.com dn: uid=user2,ou=People,dc=example,dc=com objectClass: person objectClass: inetOrgPerson objectClass: organizationalPerson objectClass: top cn: Aaren Atp sn: Atp description: This is the description for Aaren Atp. employeeNumber: 2 givenName: Aaren homePhone: +1 280 375 4325 initials: ALA l: New Haven mail: user2@maildomain.net mobile: +1 680 734 6300 ou: dba pager: +1 850 883 8888 postalAddress: Aaren Atp$70110 Fourth Street$New Haven, OH 93694 postalCode: 936941 st: OH street: 70110 Fourth Street telephoneNumber: +1 390 103 6917 uid: user2 userPassword:: e1NTSEF9Z0tsZjU4cm50Wit4b045N0U4cWlldVJQK1RMOVAzTGw=
# groups, example.com dn: ou=groups,dc=example,dc=com objectClass: organizationalUnit ou: groups
# admin, groups, example.com dn: cn=admin,ou=groups,dc=example,dc=com objectClass: groupOfUniqueNames cn: admin uniqueMember: uid=user1,ou=People,dc=example,dc=com
# dba, groups, example.com dn: cn=dba,ou=groups,dc=example,dc=com objectClass: groupOfUniqueNames cn: dba uniqueMember: uid=user2,ou=People,dc=example,dc=com
# search result search: 2 result: 0 Success
# numResponses: 8 # numEntries: 7
You should also test encrypted connections, first with STARTTLS, by adding the -ZZ option:
shell> ldapsearch -x -h localhost -ZZ -b 'dc=example,dc=com'
You can also do it with SSL (ldaps), but this has been deprecated in LDAPv3:
shell> ldapsearch -x -H ldaps:///localhost -b 'dc=example,dc=com'
If you need to look at the OpenLDAP log files, you should enable them in syslog.conf:
# Log LDAP stuff local4.* /var/log/ldap.log
By default, OpenLDAP writes to the LOG_LOCAL 4 facility. You should also set the loglevel to the amount of detail needed. Either check man slapd.conf or the documentation for the available levels.
At the moment, we have a running openldap server which is populated with two test users, ready to be used by MEM. In the next post, I will discuss how to setup MEM to authenticate against our LDAP server. If you need to manipulate your LDAP directory and need a graphical tool, I found Apache Directory Studio to be very nice.
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