In our work, We used to get a lot of requirements for replicating data from one data source to another.Previously I wrote replication from MySQL to Red-shift.
In this blog I am going to explain about replicating the data from MySQL to Oracle using Tungsten replicator.
1.0. Tungsten Replicator :
It is an open source replication engine supports data extract from MySQL, MySQL Variants such as RDS, Percona Server, MariaDB and Oracle and allows the data extracted to be applied on other data sources such as Vertica, Cassandra, Redshift etc.
Tungsten Replicator includes support for parallel replication, and advanced topologies such as fan-in and multi-master, and can be used efficiently in cross-site deployments.
1.1.0. Architecture :
There are three major components in tungsten replicator.
1. Extractor / Master Service
2. Transaction History Log (THL)
3. Applier / Slave Service
1.1.1. Extractor / Master Service :
The extractor component reads data from MySQL’s binary log and writes that information into the Transaction History Log (THL).
1.1.2. Transaction History Log (THL) :
The Transaction History Log (THL) acts as a translator between two different data sources. It stores transactional data from different data servers in a universal format using the replicator service acting as a master, That could then be processed Applier / Slave service.
1.1.3. Applier / Slave Service :
All the raw row-data recorded on the THL logs is re-assembled or constructed into another format such as JSON or BSON, or external CSV formats that enable the data to be loaded in bulk batches into a variety of different targets.
Therefore Statement information is not supported for heterogeneous deployments. So It’s mandatory that Binary log format on MySQL is ROW ( with Full Image ).
1.2.0. Schema Creation :
This heterogeneous replication does not replicated SQL statements, including DDL statements that would normally define and generate the table structures, a different method must be used.
Tungsten Replicator includes a tool called ddlscan which can read the schema definition from MySQL or Oracle and translate that into the schema definition required on the target database.
1.3.0. Pre Requisites:
1.3.1. Server Packages:
- JDK 7 or higher
- Ant 1.8 or higher
- Ruby 2.4
- Net-SSH
- Net-SCP
1.3.2. MySQL:
- All the tables to be replicated must have a primary key.
Following MySQL configuration should be enabled on MySQL
binlog-format = row
binlog-row-image = full
character-set-server=utf8
collation-server=utf8_general_ci
default-time-zone='+00:00'
2.0. Requirements :
User creation in Oracle :
CREATE USER accounts_places IDENTIFIED BY accounts_1 DEFAULT TABLESPACE ACCOUNTS_PUB QUOTA UNLIMITED ON ACCOUNTS_PUB;
GRANT CONNECT TO accounts_places;
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES TO accounts_places;
User creation in MySQL :
root@localhost:(none)> create user 'tungsten'@'%' identified by 'secret';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
root@localhost:(none)> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'tungsten'@'%';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
We would need to replicate the NOTES_TESTING table from accounts schema on MySQL to Oracle.Structures of the table are given below.
CREATE TABLE NOTES_TESTING (
ID INT(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
NOTE TEXT,
CREATED_AT DATETIME DEFAULT NULL,
UPDATED_AT DATETIME DEFAULT NULL,
PERSON_ID INT(11) DEFAULT NULL,
ADDED_BY INT(11) DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (ID));
Note :
The above table was created in MySQL .Moving forward the MySQL to Oracle replication a few datatypes are not supported in Oracle.Link
3.0. Implementation:
The implementation consists of following steps.
- Installation / Building tungsten from source
- Preparing equivalent schema for Redshift
- Configuring Master service
- Configuring Slave service
- Generating worker tables (temp tables used by tungsten) for replication to be created on redshift
- Start the replication
3.1. Installation / Building From Source:
- Download the source package from the GIT.
# git clone https://github.com/continuent/tungsten-replicator.git
- Compile this package it will generate the tungsten-replicator.tar file.
# sh tungsten-replicator/builder/build.sh
# mkdir -p tungsten
- Once the tar file is generated extract the file under the folder tungsten
# tar --strip-components 1 -zxvf tungsten-replicator/builder/build/tungsten-replicator-5.2.1.tar.gz -C tungsten/
3.2. Preparing equivalent table for Oracle :
In tungsten replicator the ddl extractor which will read table definitions from MySQL and create appropriate Oracle table definitions to use during replication.
./bin/ddlscan -user root -url 'jdbc:mysql:thin://mysql-stg:3306/accounts' -pass root2345 -template ddl-mysql-oracle.vm -db ACCOUNTS > access_log.ddl
This ddlscan will extract the mysql table definitions and stored in access_log.ddl file.
The table structure will be like this.
DROP TABLE ACCOUNTS.notes_testing;
CREATE TABLE ACCOUNTS.notes_testing
(
ID NUMBER(10, 0) NOT NULL,
NOTE CLOB /* TEXT */,
CREATED_AT DATE,
UPDATED_AT DATE,
PERSON_ID NUMBER(38,0),
ADDED_BY NUMBER(38,0),
PRIMARY KEY (ID)
);
Then we need to restore this ddl to Oracle like this .
# cat access_log.ddl | sqlplus sys/oracle as sysdba
To check tables are created inside the correct accounts schema.
SQL> desc notes_testing;
Name Null? Type
-------- -------- -----------------
ID NOT NULL NUMBER(10, 0)
NOTE CLOB
CREATED_AT DATE
UPDATED_AT DATE
PERSON_ID NUMBER(38,0)
ADDED_BY NUMBER(38,0)
3.3. Configuring Master Service:
- Switch to tungsten directory and Reset the defaults configuration file.
#cd ~/tungsten
#./tools/tpm configure defaults --reset
- Configure the Master service on the directory of your choice, We have used /opt/master
- Following commands will prepare the configuration file for Master service.
./tools/tpm configure master \
--install-directory=/opt/master \
--enable-heterogeneous-service=true \
--enable-heterogeneous-master=true \
--members=mysql-stg \
--master=mysql-stg
./tools/tpm configure master --hosts=mysql-stg \
--replication-user=tungsten \
--replication-password=password \
--skip-validation-check=MySQLUnsupportedDataTypesCheck
- Once the configuration is prepared, Then we can install it using tpm.
./tools/tpm install
Configuration is now complete.
For further information, please consult
Tungsten documentation, which is available at docs.continuent.com.
NOTE >> Command successfully completed
- Now Master service will be configured under /opt/master/
- Start the tungsten Master service.
[root@mysql-stg tungsten]# /opt/master/tungsten/cluster-home/bin/startall
Starting Tungsten Replicator Service...
Waiting for Tungsten Replicator Service.
running: PID:15141
- Verify it’s working by checking the master status.
[root@mysql-stg tungsten]# /opt/master/tungsten/tungsten-replicator/bin/trepctl services
Processing services command...
NAME VALUE
---- -----
appliedLastSeqno: 0
appliedLatency : 1.412
role : master
serviceName : master
serviceType : local
started : true
state : ONLINE
Finished services command...
[root@mysql-stg tungsten]# /opt/master/tungsten/tungsten-replicator/bin/trepctl status
Processing status command...
NAME VALUE
---- -----
appliedLastEventId : mysql-bin.000134:0000000000000652;-1
appliedLastSeqno : 0
appliedLatency : 1.412
autoRecoveryEnabled : false
autoRecoveryTotal : 0
channels : 1
clusterName : master
currentEventId : mysql-bin.000134:0000000000000652
currentTimeMillis : 1536839268029
dataServerHost : mysql-stg
extensions :
host : mysql-stg
latestEpochNumber : 0
masterConnectUri : thl://localhost:/
masterListenUri : thl://mysql-stg:2112/
maximumStoredSeqNo : 0
minimumStoredSeqNo : 0
offlineRequests : NONE
pendingError : NONE
pendingErrorCode : NONE
pendingErrorEventId : NONE
pendingErrorSeqno : -1
pendingExceptionMessage: NONE
pipelineSource : jdbc:mysql:thin://mysql-stg:3306/tungsten_master?noPrepStmtCache=true
relativeLatency : 13.029
resourcePrecedence : 99
rmiPort : 10000
role : master
seqnoType : java.lang.Long
serviceName : master
serviceType : local
simpleServiceName : master
siteName : default
sourceId : mysql-stg
state : ONLINE
timeInStateSeconds : 12.854
timezone : GMT
transitioningTo :
uptimeSeconds : 13.816
useSSLConnection : false
version : Tungsten Replicator 5.2.1
Finished status command...
- If the master did not start properly refer to this (/opt/master/service_logs/trepsvc.log) error log.
3.4. Configuring Slave service:
- Switch to tungsten directory and Reset the defaults configuration file.
#cd ~/tungsten
#./tools/tpm configure defaults --reset
- Configure the Slave service on the directory of your choice, We have used /opt/slave
- Following commands will prepare the configuration file for Slave service.
./tools/tpm configure slave \
--install-directory=/opt/slave \
--enable-heterogeneous-service=true \
--members=mysql-stg
./tools/tpm configure slave --hosts=mysql-stg \
--datasource-type=oracle \
--datasource-host=172.17.4.106 \
--datasource-port=1526 \
--datasource-oracle-sid=PLACES \
--datasource-user=accounts_places \
--datasource-password=accounts_1 \
--svc-applier-filters=dropstatementdata,replicate \
--property=replicator.filter.replicate.do=accounts --property=replicator.applier.dbms.getColumnMetadataFromDB=false \
--skip-validation-check=InstallerMasterSlaveCheck \
--rmi-port=10002 \
--thl-port=2113 \
--master-thl-port=2112 \
--master-thl-host=mysql-stg
- Once the configuration is prepared, Then we can install it using tpm.
./tools/tpm install
Configuration is now complete.
For further information, please consult
Tungsten documentation, which is available at docs.continuent.com.
NOTE >> Command successfully completed
3.5. Starting Replication:
- Once the slave is configured then start the slave
[root@mysql-stg tungsten]# /opt/slave/tungsten/cluster-home/bin/startall
Starting Tungsten Replicator Service...
Waiting for Tungsten Replicator Service.
running: PID:17039
- Verify it’s working by checking the slave status.
[root@mysql-stg tungsten]# /opt/slave/tungsten/tungsten-replicator/bin/trepctl services
Processing services command...
NAME VALUE
---- -----
appliedLastSeqno: -1
appliedLatency : -1.0
role : slave
serviceName : slave
serviceType : unknown
started : true
state : OFFLINE:ERROR
Finished services command...
[root@mysql-stg tungsten]# /opt/slave/tungsten/tungsten-replicator/bin/trepctl status
Processing status command...
NAME VALUE
---- -----
appliedLastEventId : NONE
appliedLastSeqno : -1
appliedLatency : -1.0
autoRecoveryEnabled : false
autoRecoveryTotal : 0
channels : 1
clusterName : slave
currentEventId : NONE
currentTimeMillis : 1536839732221
dataServerHost : 172.17.4.106
extensions :
host : 172.17.4.106
latestEpochNumber : -1
masterConnectUri : thl://mysql-stg:2112/
masterListenUri : null
maximumStoredSeqNo : -1
minimumStoredSeqNo : -1
offlineRequests : NONE
pendingError : NONE
pendingErrorCode : NONE
pendingErrorEventId : NONE
pendingErrorSeqno : -1
pendingExceptionMessage: NONE
pipelineSource : thl://mysql-stg:2112/
relativeLatency : -1.0
resourcePrecedence : 99
rmiPort : 10002
role : slave
seqnoType : java.lang.Long
serviceName : slave
serviceType : local
simpleServiceName : slave
siteName : default
sourceId : 172.17.4.106
state : ONLINE
timeInStateSeconds : 4.476
timezone : GMT
transitioningTo :
uptimeSeconds : 77.996
useSSLConnection : false
version : Tungsten Replicator 5.2.1
Finished status command...
4.0. Testing:
- Now both master & slave are in sync. Now I am going to insert a few record on MySQL server in notes_testing table.
insert into notes_testing values(1,'Mydbops ',NULL,NULL,13,45);
insert into notes_testing values(2,'MySQL DBA',NULL,NULL,1,2);
- Above these records are inserted in the master server. At the same I have checked Oracle these records are replicated or not.
SQL> select * from notes_testing;
ID NOTE CREATED_AT UPDATED_AT PERSON_ID ADDED_BY
— —- ———- ——— ——– ———
1 Mydbops 13 45
2 MySQL DBA 1 2
SQL>
5.0. Troubleshooting:
While reconfiguring the tungsten replicatior I am getting below error replication is not synced.Here I have mentioned the sample error. Sample Error :
NAME VALUE
---- -----
appliedLastEventId : NONE
appliedLastSeqno : -1
appliedLatency : -1.0
autoRecoveryEnabled : false
autoRecoveryTotal : 0
channels : -1
clusterName : slave
currentEventId : NONE
currentTimeMillis : 1536839670076
dataServerHost : 172.17.4.106
extensions :
host : 172.17.4.106
latestEpochNumber : -1
masterConnectUri : thl://mysql-stg:2112/
masterListenUri : null
maximumStoredSeqNo : -1
minimumStoredSeqNo : -1
offlineRequests : NONE
pendingError : Event extraction failed
pendingErrorCode : NONE
pendingErrorEventId : NONE
pendingErrorSeqno : -1
pendingExceptionMessage: Client handshake failure: Client response validation failed: Master log does not contain requested transaction: master source ID=mysql-stg client source ID=172.17.4.106 requested seqno=3 client epoch number=0 master min seqno=0 master max seqno=0
pipelineSource : UNKNOWN
relativeLatency : -1.0
resourcePrecedence : 99
rmiPort : 10002
role : slave
The reason is some transactions on the slave from a previous installation was not clear properly.
solution :
To clear old transactions from slave.
[root@mysql-stg tungsten]# /opt/slave/tungsten/tungsten-replicator/bin/trepctl -service slave reset -all
Do you really want to delete replication service slave completely? [yes/NO] yes
[root@mysql-stg tungsten]# /opt/slave/tungsten/tungsten-replicator/bin/trepctl online
[root@mysql-stg tungsten]# /opt/slave/tungsten/tungsten-replicator/bin/trepctl status
Processing status command...
NAME VALUE
---- -----
appliedLastEventId : NONE
appliedLastSeqno : -1
appliedLatency : -1.0
autoRecoveryEnabled: false
autoRecoveryTotal: 0
channels : 1
clusterName: slave
currentEventId : NONE
currentTimeMillis: 1536839732221
dataServerHost : 172.17.4.106
extensions :
host : 172.17.4.106
latestEpochNumber: -1
masterConnectUri : thl://mysql-stg:2112/
masterListenUri: null
maximumStoredSeqNo : -1
minimumStoredSeqNo : -1
offlineRequests: NONE
pendingError : NONE
pendingErrorCode : NONE
pendingErrorEventId: NONE
pendingErrorSeqno: -1
pendingExceptionMessage: NONE
pipelineSource : thl://mysql-stg:2112/
relativeLatency: -1.0
resourcePrecedence : 99
rmiPort: 10002
role : slave
seqnoType: java.lang.Long
serviceName: slave
serviceType: local
simpleServiceName: slave
siteName : default
sourceId : 172.17.4.106
state: ONLINE
timeInStateSeconds : 4.476
timezone : GMT
transitioningTo:
uptimeSeconds: 77.996
useSSLConnection : false
version: Tungsten Replicator 5.2.1
Finished status command...
6.0. Conclusion:
Tungsten replicator is a great tool when it comes to replication of data with heterogeneous data sources. If we understand it’s working, It’s easy to configure and perform efficiently.
Image Courtesy : Photo by Karl JK Hedin on Unsplash
Percona is glad to announce the release of Percona XtraDB Cluster 5.7.23-31.31 on September 26, 2018. Binaries are available from the downloads section or from our software repositories.
Alpha Build of Percona Server 8.0 released
Join Percona Chief Evangelist Colin Charles as he covers happenings, gives pointers and provides musings on the open source database community.
MySQL supports replicating to a slave that is one release higher. This allows us to easily upgrade our MySQL setup to a new version, by promoting the slave and pointing the application to it. However, though unsupported, there are times when the MySQL version of slave deployed is one release lower. In this scenario, if your application has been performing much better on an older version of MySQL, you would like to have a convenient option to downgrade. You can simply promote the slave to get the old performance back.
To resolve a critical regression, Percona announces the release of Percona XtraDB Cluster 5.7.23-31.31.2 on October 2, 2018 Binaries are available from the 
